Update on ketogenic diet therapies in epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Although the ketogenic diet(KD) has originally been used to treat epilepsies,plenty of evidence about the efficacy to intractable epilepsy has not accumulated until recently.These epilepsy or epilepsy syndrome include:Dravet syndrome,Doose syndrome,infantile spasms,Angelman syndrome with epilepsy,tuberous sclerosis complex and focal cerebral dysplasia or other structural epilepsy.It is worth paying more attention to the efficacy of KD on cognition,language development and behavior problems.

Construction and inhibitory effect of MEG3 expression plasmid vector on the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To construct a maternally expressed gene 3(MEG3)expression plasmid vec-tor,and to obtain MEG3 over-expressed human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells by transfection,and to ana-lyze the effect of MEG3 overexpression on the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells. Methods A complete gene sequence based on the sequence of MEG3 in the GenBank was designed and inser-ted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3. 0 to construct recombinant plasmid pcDNA3. 0-MEG3. It was identified by sequencing and transfected into human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells. The expression of MEG3 in SW1990 cells was confirmed by RT-PCR. The effect of MEG3 on proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. In this study,the SW1990 cells transfected by plasmid pcDNA3. 0 were named negative control group, and the usual SW1990 cells were named blank control group. Results A MEG3 expression plasmid vector-pcDNA3. 0-MEG3 was constructed successfully. And pcDNA3. 0-MEG3 vector was transfected into SW1990 cells successfully. The expression of MEG3 at mRNA in MEG3-SW1990 cells increased significantly,about 895 times(F = 73. 592,P ﹤ 0. 01). The results of MTT assay indicated that over-expressed MEG3 could obviously inhibit SW1990 cells proliferation in vitro. After SW1990 cells transfected with pcDNA3. 0-MEG3 for 72 hours, the absorbance value was 0. 81 ± 0. 06,with a statistically significance(F = 33. 489,P ﹤ 0. 01)compared with negative control group(1. 17 ± 0. 07)and blank control group(1. 08 ± 0. 03). Conclusion A MEG3 expre-ssion plasmid vector-pcDNA3. 0-MEG3 is constructed successfully. It is confirmed that MEG3 and its product have obvious inhibitory effects for the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells.

The application of the sample entropy evaluation for the ketogenic diet in infantile spasms / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy and electroencephalogram(EEG)changes quantitatively after the ketogenic diet (KD) by single sample entropy (SampEn) in the treatment of infantile spasms (IS),and to learn the quantitative relationship between the clinical efficacy and EEG.Methods Patients diagnosed as IS were enrolled and started KD in Shenzhen Children's Hospital from April 2010 to December 2013.The SampEn of EEG data in these patients before and after treatment with KD were analyzed.Patients were classified as seizure-free group and non-seizure-free group according to the therapeutic responsiveness to KD.The SampEn findings from two groups were compared to explore the effect of KD on EEG and its related factors.Results Among 35 patients,more than 2 months of treatment,10 cases were seizure free,25 cases still had seizures.SampEn was 0.377 ± 0.246 before treatment,and 0.725 ± 0.405 after treatment in all patients,there was significant difference (Z =-4.351,P =0.000).SampEn was 0.342 ± 0.277 before treatment,and 0.929 ± 0.379 after treatment in seizure free group,there was significant difference between 2 groups(Z =-3.371,P =0.001).While SampEn was 0.391 ± 0.237 before treatment,and 0.643 ± 0.393 after treatment in non-seizure free group,there was a significant difference between 2 groups(Z =-3.371,P =0.001).The mental and motor development was improved after KD with improvement rate were 56％ (14/25 cases) and 70％ (7/10 cases),respectively,but there was no statistical difference(P =0.704).Conclusions No matter seizures are controlled or not,KD can increase the complexity of electrical activity in the brain,which was more obvious in the seizure-free group.Intellectual and movement development can be improved in patients with KD.

Research progress of MEG3 long noncoding RNA / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is a tumor-suppressing gene,and MEG3 RNAs,its products,are a series of long noncoding RNAs.The MEG3 gene is lost in kinds of human tumors,further more,the methylation of related DNA region is directly associated with the deficiency of MEG3 expression.Studies show that MEG3 gene and MEG3 RNAs can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis,which is associated with the fuction of tumor suppressor gene p53.

Clinical and neuroimaging features of hypoglycemia encephalopathy in the elderly / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical and neuroimaging features of hypoglycemia encephalopathy in the elderly. Methods The history and clinical features of 36 patients who had undergone brain CT and MRI were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-seven patients had infections and fevers as a trigger, presenting all kinds of symptoms. Eleven cases were found to have abnormal signals in bilateral caudate nucleus and lenticular nucleus in MRL But CT examination showed no new lesions in corresponding position. Hypoglycemia encephalopathy were commanly found in the elderly who had diabetes mellitus and treated with drugs. After being followed up for 6 months, their neuroimaging did not change. Conclusions Because the patients often present unconsciousness and weakness with a sudden onset, hypoglycemia is easily mistaken for other disorders, especially in the elderly. For those with consciousness, we should pay more attations to hypoglycemia. Brain CT has no value of diagnosing hypoglycemia encephalopathy, while MRI plays an impotant role in diagnosing the disease. The characteristic MRI features predicts a bad prognosis.